第二届北京环境法论坛：国际法中的投资与环境保护：冲突还是协调？

题    目：   国际法中的投资与环境保护：冲突还是协调？

报 告 人：   Ole Kristian Fauchald（挪威奥斯陆大学法学院的副教授）

主    办：   北京市环境资源法学研究会

             中国人民大学法学院

             中华环保联合会

协    办：   中旺国际投资集团有限公司

             北京炜衡律师事务所

时    间：   2007年4月22日下午3：30-5：00

地    点：   中国人民大学明德法学楼601教室

报告人简介：Ole Kristian Fauchald 先生是挪威奥斯陆大学法学院的副教授，他曾担任过挪威环境部的顾问，著有多部有关国际经济法的专著与文章，是国际环境法年鉴的共同主编。目前Fauchald 先生在北京大学做访问学者。

讲座概要：以往对OECD多边投资协定谈判的最终结局一个主要遗留问题是，这种多边协定会对国内环境法与环境政策产生何种影响。谈判失败后，OECD 将其注意力转向一个关联性更强的问题，即对《跨国企业指南》进行修订的问题。环境问题也成为这些谈判的中心议题。这些谈判较之以往效果显著，最终导致2001年对《指南》的全面修订。

本讲座将以上述两个问题开场，考察近期双边与多边协定如何兼顾环境法与环境政策灵活性的需求。对涉及近期英美法设立仲裁庭审理投资商与美国之间纠纷的有关规定进行评价。

中国已经签署了大约120个双边协定，目前正在进行其他几个涉及投资保护的协定的谈判。中国正在努力强化它的环境保护政策。所以，在中国背景下，环境保护措施与国际投资商之间可能出现的冲突是尤其引人关注的话题。另外，因为中国正在日益成为资本流出国，所以，很需要了解有关适用于对外直接投资的国际标准。本讲座将涉及协调投资与环境的最新成果以及制定标准的新动向。

Investment and environmental protection in international law – conflict or harmony?

One of the main remaining issues towards the end of the negotiations in OECD of a Multilateral Investment Agreement was the impacts that such an Agreement could have on domestic environmental law and policy. After the negotiations failed, the OECD shifted its focus to a closely related issue, namely a revision of the Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises. Environmental issues were at the core of these negotiations as well. These negotiations were more successful and resulted in a thorough revision of the Guidelines in 2001.

The lecture will take these two processes as a starting point and examine how current bilateral and multilateral investment agreements take into account the need for flexibility in environmental law and policy. Relevant rules will be assessed in light of recent case law of arbitration tribunals established to deal with investor - State disputes.

China has signed approximately 120 bilateral investment agreements and is currently negotiating several agreements containing provisions on investment protection. At the same time, China is seeking to strengthen its policy on environmental protection. The potential conflicts that may arise between measures taken for environmental protection and the interests of international investors is therefore a topic of particular interest in the Chinese context. Moreover, as China is increasingly becoming a capital exporting nation, there is a growing need for knowledge about the international standards applicable to foreign direct investment. The lecture will present some recent efforts to reconcile investment and environment and recent standard-setting initiatives.

Ole Kristian Fauchald is associate professor at the Faculty of Law, University of Oslo and has worked as adviser to the Norwegian Ministry of Environment. He has published books and articles on international economic law and is co-editor-in-chief of the Yearbook of International Environmental Law. Fauchald is currently visiting scholar at Peking University.